Blasting-cartridge.



Patenxed my a; |-9o2. v

2 sums-sheet i.

No. 704,465. A

w. K IRSANUV.

I BLASTING CA-mames'. (Application med Oct. 22. 1901.)

(No Model.)

VVT l @numana MMA/VL un. 704,465. Panneau s I9 V w KmsANov "y 02 I BLASTING CARTRIDGE.

(Application led Oct. 22. 1901.)

2 Sheets-Sheet V2.

.(llo, llqdel.)

Willman am v UNITED STATES l PATENT OFFICE.

l/VASSILY KIRSANOV, OF MOSCOW, RUSSIA.

BLASTlNG-CARTRIDG E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of/Letters Patent No. 704,465, dated July 8, 1902. Application filed October 22. 1901. Serial No. '791590. (No model.)

and the method of closing them, by which.

flame is not prevented from communicating with the explosive, but the escape of the gases is prevented duripg the explosion.

On the accompanying drawings, Figurelv represents a longitudinal section of a cartridge of my system. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a closing-cylinder used in my cartridge. Figs. 3 and 4 are front and edge views of the closing-cylinder shown as unrolled, (plained.) Fig. 5 is an end view of the closing-cylinder. Figs. 6 and 7 are end view and longitudinal section of the same on a larger scale.

cylinder. Fig. l is a longitudinal section of a cartridge with closing-cylinder of a moditied form. ,A

Blasting cartridges .of fmy .system are formed of a metal tube E, closed at one end by a hemispherical bottom. This tube or car-` tridge is charged with an explosive having the followingcomposition: potassium chlorate, from forty per cent. to sixty per cent.;` picrate of potassium,; sodium, lead, ammonium, copper, iron, dto., from thirty per cent.`

to forty per cent.; celloidine, (a composition of nitrocellulose with camphor,) from five per cent. to twenty per cent.; elemi or sandarac resin, ve per cent. The addition of celloidine (which is preferably dissolved in a mixture of sulfuric ether and alcohol or aceton) prevents the mass from becoming hygroscopic. The addition of the lresin (which may be dispensed with) is for the purpose of introducing into the composition of the explosive a material rich in carbon. The resin may be replaced by potassium ferrocyanid; but in .this case the cartridges will be more explosive and will thus require more care in use. In order to facilitate mixing the explosive so composed, a little water may be Figs. 8 to ll are sections andi end views of two modifications of the closing-- added,which is afterward evaporated. There is no danger in ramming the semiliquid and pasty mass into the cartridges, as this mixture does not when wet explode or ignite by a flame or by percussion.

The cartridge is filled with the explosive above named in such quantity that there remains sufficient space for the introduction of the closing-cylinder A. This small cylinder is also a metal tube having a hemispherical bottom B, the construction of which is similar to that of the iris diaphragms used inthe construction of optical instruments. For this purpose short nicks arefmade in the lower edge of a metal tube, Fig. 3, and the tongues off-metal a, Fig. 4, comprised between these nicks then caused to take an oblique position, after which this edge of the cylinder is spun upon a suitable mandrel in order to form a hemispherical bottom in such a manner that the edges of the nicks cover each other, reciprocally forming at the center a star-shaped opening, Figs. 5 and 6. This opening contracts more or less when the bottom of the tube is compressed, andit is completely closed when sufficient pressure is applied. It is 0bvious that the number of tongues a may be varied. Thus Figs. 8 andl 9 represent a cylinder-bottom with two tongues only,and Figs.

vl0 and 11 show a four-tongued hemispherical bottom.

duced into the'cartridge in such: a manner,

Thefcylinder thus formed is intro- Figs. l and l2, that its bottom rests upon the explosive with which the cartridge is charged. Ametal rod is then introduced through the Vstar-shaped opening c and forms in the explosivea central axial hole L. At the same time it lforces the displaced explosive against the bottom of the closing-cylinder A and even causes it to penetrate into the interstices N of the tongues which constitute the bottom B of the cylinder. The cartridge charged in the manner indicated is then dried at a temperature of 100O centigrade by means of a thermostat. Drying is continued-until complete evaporation of the sulfuric ether andvalcohol or'aceton and also of the water. Finally, in

order to lix the cylinder A in the cartridgeE this latter is compressed with the cylinder by means of suitable tongues in such a manner as to form triangular or other indentations K.

In order to explode the cartridge, a Bickford fuse or other quick match is introduced into the small cylinder A and reaches to the bottom of the same. After lighting 'the free end O of the fuse the Iiame will pass through the star-shaped opening at the bottom B and Will communicate With the Whole mass of the explosive S, which will from the first moment of the explosion develop sufficient pressure upon the bottom B for the opening c in this latter to be completely closed and prevent the escape of the gasses. Complete combustion of the explosive thus takes place.

I claim as my inventionl. Ablasting-cartridge closed bya cylinder with hemispherical bottom formed by a number of tongues the adjacent edges of which cover each other reciprocally forming at the center a star-shaped opening which is automatically closed as soon as the pressure is applied.

2. A blasting-cartrid ge closed bya cylinder with hemispherical bottom formed by a nu mber of tongues, the adjacent edges of which cover each other successively, forming at the center a star-shaped opening adapted to be closed by the pressure in the cartridge, and means for retaining said cylinder in said cartridge, substantially as described.

3. A blasting-cartridge consisting of a tube closed at one end, explosive compound in said tube, a cylinder with ahemispherical bottom formed by a number of tongues, inserted in said tube upon the explosive compound, the said tongues being adapted to close the bottom of the cylinder when the explosion takes place, substantially as described.

4. A blasting-cartridge closed bya cylinder with ahemispherical bottom formed by a number of tongues adapted to be closed by the pressure in the cartridge, and a fuse in said cylinder, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

VASSILY KIRSANOV.

Witnesses:

GUsTAv HARTWIG, NICHOLAS TsoHENALoFF. 

